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Tenant Affordability Calculator

Published: Nov 28, 2025 • 13 min read • by ProperLet

The #1 reason tenants default on rent: They can't afford it. Sounds obvious, right? But landlords often skip affordability checks entirely, focusing instead on credit scores or references. Big mistake.

A tenant with perfect credit and excellent references who earns £800/month can't afford £700/month rent. They'll default within months. Conversely, a tenant earning £3,500/month paying £800/month rent is a green light—they have a safety margin.

In this guide, we'll teach you the exact math to assess tenant affordability and identify overextended applicants before they become eviction cases.

The Cost of Affordability Failure

Tenants who are "affording it by luck" (living paycheck-to-paycheck with rent consuming 50%+ of income) are extremely likely to default when:

Result: Eviction, court costs, lost rent, 4-6 months void period. Total loss: £3,000-£5,000+

The 30% Rule: The Golden Standard

The industry standard is the 30% affordability rule: Rent should not exceed 30% of gross monthly income.

The Math:

Monthly Gross Income: £3,000
× Maximum Rent Ratio: 30%
= Maximum Affordable Rent: £900/month

Risk Categories:

Pro Tip: Most institutional landlords use 40% as the absolute ceiling. Below 30% is the safest zone.

Real-World Examples: The Math in Action

Example 1: Safe Tenant (Green Risk)

Applicant: Amy (Software Developer)
Monthly Gross Income: £4,500
Rent Request: £1,100/month
Affordability Ratio: £1,100 ÷ £4,500 = 24%
Verdict: ✓ GREEN (24% < 30%)

Analysis: Amy has £3,400 left after rent. Enough for living expenses, transport, food, savings, and emergencies. Low default risk.

Example 2: Borderline Tenant (Yellow Risk)

Applicant: Bob (Call Centre Agent)
Monthly Gross Income: £2,200
Rent Request: £720/month
Affordability Ratio: £720 ÷ £2,200 = 33%
Verdict: ⚠ YELLOW (33% > 30%)

Analysis: Bob has £1,480 left for all living expenses. If he has car payments (£200), student loans (£150), or credit card debt (£100), he's down to £1,030/month for food, transport, utilities. One unexpected expense = default.

Example 3: Overextended Tenant (Red Risk)

Applicant: Chris (Retail Worker)
Monthly Gross Income: £1,800
Rent Request: £850/month
Affordability Ratio: £850 ÷ £1,800 = 47%
Verdict: ✗ RED (47% > 40%)

Analysis: Chris has only £950/month for ALL other expenses (food, transport, utilities, phone, insurance). One £200 unexpected expense, and he's skipping meals or missing rent. REJECT or request additional guarantor/deposit.

Beyond the 30%: Stress Testing

The 30% rule is a baseline. Smart landlords stress-test to see if the tenant can survive unexpected changes.

Stress Test Questions:

Green Tenants Pass All Stress Tests. Red Tenants fail most of them.

Income vs. Net Income: Which Do You Use?

Use GROSS income, not net. Here's why:

If you use net (£2,800): 30% = £840 affordable rent. But the landlord's rent still comes from gross income. Using net underestimates affordability by showing lower disposable income than reality.

Joint Tenants: Affordability Multiplied

For joint applications, calculate individual AND combined affordability.

The Math:

Applicant 1: Amy (£4,500/month)
Applicant 2: Bob (£2,200/month)
Combined Income: £6,700/month
Rent: £1,500/month
Combined Affordability: £1,500 ÷ £6,700 = 22% ✓ GREEN
Individual (Amy's Share): £750 ÷ £4,500 = 17% ✓ GREEN
Individual (Bob's Share): £750 ÷ £2,200 = 34% ⚠ YELLOW

Red Flag: If one applicant's individual affordability is RED, that's a risk. If Bob loses his job, Amy alone can't afford the rent.

The Affordability Calculator Checklist

Step 1: Verify Income

Step 2: Calculate Affordability Ratio

Step 3: Stress Test

Step 4: Make the Decision

The Guarantor Strategy

For Yellow/Red affordability tenants, use a guarantor (usually a parent or family member) who co-signs the tenancy. The guarantor becomes personally liable if the tenant defaults.

Guarantor must have: Strong credit history, income 3x+ the rent, and be willing to sign the guarantee agreement.

Ready to Test Affordability?

Manual affordability calculations work, but AI-powered verification calculates affordability instantly while cross-validating income across multiple documents.

Run a Forensic Scan

Or use our free affordability tester to see how tenant finances stack up.

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